The whole ape village came out in great celebration. A new super ape had just been born to the most beautiful female ape. All the apes were dancing, jumping and whooping it up. Mama ape was just beaming with joy. Nothing like this had ever happened in this village, or anywhere else.
整个村子的猿猴都出来庆祝了。 最漂亮的猿猴妈妈刚生了一只“超级猿猴宝宝” 。 所有的猴子们跳舞欢呼。猴妈妈只是微笑着，心里充满喜悦。这样的事情在这个村里或是其他任何地方都从未发生过。

Suddenly mama ape frowned. “Wait, HOW can I find a future husband for my baby?” Any thoughtful mother would think of that. The music stopped. Everyone stared at her in disbelief. She continued, “Obviously, no one in this village is qualified for my super ape precious girl! Obviously, I cannot just go to the neighboring village to find him!” She started wailing and wailing, and no one could comfort her.
突然，猴妈妈皱了下眉头。“等一下，我怎样能给我的女儿找到未来的丈夫呢？” 任何一个考虑细致的母亲都会想到这样的问题。音乐戛然而止。猴子们都疑惑地看着她。她继续说道，“很显然，这个村里没有谁配的上我的超级猿猴宝贝女儿！很显然，我也做不到去邻村找我的女婿！”说着说着，她痛哭起来，大家都无法安慰她。

The other apes started discussing this dilemma. “She cannot travel thousands and thousands of miles, over mountains, rivers, seas and oceans, to find the right super ape husband for her baby. The chances of this happening are one in a million, or more likely one in a billion, so definitely she would have to go far far away to find him!” How was it going to happen?
另一群猿猴开始讨论这个两难问题。“她不可能跋涉千万里，翻越高山湖海去为她女儿找到超级猿猴做丈夫。但超级猿猴出生的机会只有百万分之一，或仅有十亿分之一， 所以她势必只有穿越千里去寻找。” 这种事怎么会发生？

Another smart ape exclaimed, “Or she may have to wait 1 billion years, 100 million years, 10 million years, 1 million years; but even if it was a hundred thousand years, 10,000 years, 5,000 years, 1,000 years, any number of years like that, it will be impossible for this baby to live that long! It only happens once in billions of chances, the learned ones have told us, so how can she wait?”
另一只聪明的猿猴叫喊到，“或者她不得不等10亿年，1亿年，1000万年，100万年；但即使是10万年，1万年，5000年，1000年，任何相近的时间，这个孩子都不可能等到那一天！最有学问的说，这是10亿年才发生一次的事情，所以她怎么能等呢？”

Let’s just go through the possibilities. If perchance, a one in a billion super ape was born, and somehow, in one in a billion chance, got married, and if magically there was a super super ape from this marriage, and then, magically, there were all these successively more and more advanced generations of super super apes, super super super apes, super super super super apes, super super super super super apes, and on and on, I could logically think that the streets of New York or Cincinnati or Beijing would be swarming with all kinds of variations of super apes, or super super, or super super super, or…… you get the idea, all superior forms of apes. I should be able to welcome them every day, and say hello, shalom, salam, hola, or even some superior ape grunts to them, with enthusiasm, on all kinds of street corners, all over the world.
让我们看看可能性吧。如果是偶然，每10亿个猿猴中有一个超猴出生, 并且不管怎样，10亿分之一的机会他们结婚了，并神奇地生下了超超猴，然后神奇地出来 超超超猴…….超超超猴的后代，超超超超猴，超超超超超猴， 等等等等，我会符合逻辑地想到，纽约，辛辛那提或是北京的大街小巷将会充满各种各样的超猴，超超猴，超超超猴…… 你明白这个意思，各种高级进化猴。我将会每天欢迎它们，和它们说Hello, shalom, salam, hola，甚至一些高级猿猴会兴高采烈地对它们叽里咕噜，Hello, shalom, salam, hola遍布街角，遍布世界。

I wonder where did they all disappear to? The lame excuse is that “oh, they all died off.” Conveniently, not even one of these maybe thousands of generations and potentially millions or billions of these exotic creatures are ever seen on any street, they have all conveniently died off.
我想知道它们都消失去了哪里？一个勉强合适的理由是“ 哦，它们全都死了。” 太方便了，延续了千代甚至可能万亿代的奇异物种在任何地方，任何街上都看不到，它们都太方便很有利地死去了。

And, conveniently enough, for some strange unknown reason, even though there have been hundreds of years of digging up fossils, millions and millions of various generations of super apes have all been impossible to find, and we find only a questionable few fragments here and there. In a frank and shocking book, Mrs. Mary Leakey wrote an exposé of her very famous husband, Louis, the world’s most famous paleontologist.
并且，足够方便的是，出于一些奇怪的不得而知的原因，尽管挖掘化石已经挖了几百年，数以百万记的超级猿猴的各种后代都无法找到，我们仅仅在分散的各地找到了几个令人质疑的残片。在一本坦白并令人震惊的书里，Mary Leakey夫人曝光了她的名人丈夫，Louis，世界最著名的古人类学家。

In “Disclosing the Past,” she wrote that native diggers would conveniently find the “right kind” of fossil fragments to feed to her husband, in his grand ambition to find just one of these strange fossilized creatures. In critical science we call that “serious selection bias,” and if deliberately done, it is fraud.
在“往事揭秘（Disclosing the Past）”一书中，她写到丈夫雄心壮志地寻找特定的奇怪物种的化石，当地的挖掘工人会投其所好地找到Louis认为正确的化石残片交给他。 从严格的科学角度，我们称之“严重选择偏见”，如果是刻意精心而为，则是欺诈。

But, regarding all these selective data point fragments, there is even a quote in Newsweek, in the title article, The Search for Adam & Eve (1988) that “all the good fossils of Africa can be placed in the palm of your hand.” The palm of your hand! How large is that? Maybe your palm is larger than mine. There probably is some strange excuse for that also.
但是，尽管这些数据断片是选择性的，新闻周刊Newsweek标题新闻，“搜寻亚当和夏娃”（1988）中曾引用到“所有非洲所谓好的化石可以在你的手掌里放的下”。你的手掌！那才有多大呢？也许你的手掌比我的大。 这其中也许又有奇怪的理由。

I have been involved in clinical investigations for decades, so for me, I would like to see some real statistics on thousands or tens of thousands of whole person data points and not just fragments, so that we can do some real statistical analyses. In the medical scientific world I live in, we often call the common kind of fossil fragment reporting, as “anecdotal” or “speculative.”
我从事临床研究几十年，所以对我来说，我需要看到从成千上万的完整的人体数据中获得的真正的统计数据， 所以我们可以做真正的统计分析。在我从事的医学研究领域，我们常称常见的化石残片报道为“奇闻异事”或“猜想”。

In normal scientific investigations in humans, we require hundreds or thousands of individuals to demonstrate any satisfactory proof. Drug companies are fond of saying that it takes millions of dollars, or more recently billions of dollars, just to produce one good pill for treatment of cancer, mainly because of the rigor and intensity of collecting uncontaminated data and non-biased selection samples, using thousands of human subjects, comprehensive verification, and precise scientific analyses. Regrettably, these fossil fragment reports are far, far, off from the mark of any rigorous science today.
在人体科学研究中，我们需要成百上千的个体数据获得满意的证实。药物公司喜欢说每生产一种癌症药都要花费数百万甚至数十亿美元。 这主要是由于需要收集大量缜密严格的无污染的数据和无偏见的的样本选择，使用数千例受试者，完整的确认，精密的科学分析。很遗憾，迄今为止化石残片报道都与严谨大量的科学大相径庭。

The key to nearly all science is demonstration of HOW, and the mechanisms involved in the how, but fossils are by definition fossilized, and therefore how is presumably impossible.
几乎所有科学的关键是展示如何做到”HOW”， 和如果做到的机理， 但是，化石，就其定义而言，已经石化了，所以如何做到便不得而知。

All we can say is that these attempts are mostly in the realm of imaginations, fantasies, mythology, or at best philosophy, but please don’t tell me that this is really “science,” much less proven science. However, mythology does persist and can be very strong in any society, because that’s how our lives are lived, based every day on our prevailing assumptions, trends, and hidden biases! It would be great to answer the question of that poor mama ape. HOW? She hit the nail on the head!
所有我们可以说的是这些尝试大多是在想象，幻想，神秘论，或最多是哲学的领域，但请不要告诉我这是真正的“科学”，也称不上是已被证实的科学。但是，神秘论的确存在并可以在任何社会中很强大，因为这是我们生命和生活怎样继续的， 基于每天我们的主流猜测，趋势，和隐藏的偏见！我们最好能回答可怜的猴妈妈的问题。如何做到的呢？HOW？猴妈妈提出了最关键的问题！